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Grepafloxacin concentration in ocular tissues after intravenous infusion in rabbits with intraocular inflammation.

Pérez-Oliván S, Pinilla I, Bregante MA, Solans C, Ruiz Moreno O, Garcia MA, Honrubia FM

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. sperezo@able.es

PURPOSE: To determine the penetration of grepafloxacin into ocular tissues during experimental ocular inflammation. METHODS: 10 albino and 10 pigmented rabbits underwent a continuous intravenous infusion of the drug 24 h after injecting Salmonella typhimurium toxin intravitreously, creating ocular inflammation. The animals were killed and grepafloxacin levels were determined in plasma and ocular tissues using high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Grepafloxacin levels achieved a steady-state plasma concentration of 1.5 microg/ml. The drug diffused more towards vascularized tissues (chorioretina and iris) in both albino and pigmented rabbits with a tissue/serum ratio higher than 1. Grepafloxacin showed more affinity to pigmented tissue, rising levels of 40,000-50,000 ng/g in the chorioretina and iris in pigmented animals. After inflammation, grepafloxacin intraocular penetration increased in albino animals with levels exceeding the minimum inhibitory concentration for the most common ocular pathogens. CONCLUSION: Grepafloxacin intraocular penetration is higher in pigmented tissues. Ocular inflammation increases the drug penetration into the vitreous.

Published 17 October 2005 in Ophthalmic Res, 37(6): 335-40.
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